INJURY PREVENTION AND REHABILITATION IN TOP FOOTBALL

Nogomet je dinamička igra tijekom koje igrači istrčavaju kratke i duge dionice različitom brzinom, pri čemu mijenjaju smjer kretanja, šutiraju te dodavaju loptu i ulaze u kontakt s protivničkim igračima. U sportu kao što je vrhunski nogomet ozljede u većini slučajeva zahvaćaju mišiće i tkiva donjih ekstremiteta zbog najvećeg opterećenja. Smatra se kako porast ozljeda sa sezonama sve više raste zbog sve većeg broja utakmica, a time i nedovoljnim oporavkom igrača od prethodne utakmice. Ozljede vrhunskih sportaša znatno utječu na uspješnost u sportu te je vrlo važna prevencija ozljeda u procesu treniranja. Najčešće su to ozljede zbog pretreniranosti, velike količine umora te poremećaja u prehrani. Najčešće ozljede u vrhunskom sportu su istegnuća i rupture. Igrači i treneri nisu jedini koje je potrebno educirati, te nisu oni jedini o kojima ovisi nastanak ozljeda. Suci su također važni u prevenciji ozljeda, te bi svojim postupcima i oni mogli bitno doprinijeti smanjenju broja ozljeda na terenu. Postupci koje bi mogli poduzeti su striktnije provođenje pravila, te modificiranje pravila kako bi nogomet bio što sigurniji sport. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je utvrditi na koje se načine mogu uspješno prevenirati i rehabilitirati ozljede koje su nastale tijekom bavljenja profesionalnim nogometom.Football is a dynamic game during which players run short and long sections at different speeds, changing the direction of movement, shooting and passing the ball and coming into contact with opposing players. In sports such as elite football, injuries in most cases affect the muscles and tissues of the lower extremities due to the greatest load. It is believed that the increase in injuries with the seasons is growing due to the increasing number of games, and thus insufficient recovery of players from the previous game. .Injuries of top athletes significantly affect the success in sports and injury prevention in the training process is very important. The most common injuries are due to overtraining, a large amount of fatigue and eating disorders. The most common injuries in top sports are sprains and ruptures. Players and coaches are not the only ones who need to be educated, and they are not the only ones on whom the occurrence of injuries depends. Judges are also important in injury prevention, and their actions could significantly contribute to reducing the number of injuries on the field. The procedures they could take are stricter enforcement of the rules, and modifying the rules to make football as safe a sport as possible. The aim of this thesis is to determine the ways in which injuries that have occurred during the practice of professional football can be successfully prevented and rehabilitated