PROPRIOCEPTION EXERCISES IN REHABILITATION AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY

Koljeno je najveći i najkompleksniji zglob u našem tijelu te zbog svoje građe i opterećenja koja se na njega vrše, često biva ozlijeđen. Sudjeluje u brojnim aktivnostima poput hodanja, trčanja, skakanja, nošenja tereta i drugo. Jedna od najčešćih ozljeda je ozljeda prednjeg križnog ligamenta koji je vrlo važan za kinematiku i stabilnost zgloba. Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju anamneze i kliničkih testova te snimkom magnetne rezonance. Liječenje može biti operativno i konzervativno, ovisno o mehanici i težini ozljede, dobi pacijenta i drugim čimbenicima. Rehabilitacija može potrajati i do šest mjeseci, a u nju spadaju fizioterapijska procjena, plan rehabilitacije i ciljevi te fizioterapijske intervencije. Najčešće komplikacije koje se pojavljuju su smanjeni opseg pokreta, snaga mišića te smanjena propriocepcija, a samim time i neuromišićna kontrola. Najvažnija fizioterapijska intervencija u rehabilitaciji je kineziterapija. Vježbe koje se provode su različite, a neke od njih su vježbe jačanja, opsega pokreta, vježbe istezanja i propriocepcijske vježbe. U ovom radu cilj je bio predstaviti vježbe propriocepcije i učinke tih vježbi na osobe s ozljedom prednjeg križnog ligamenta.The knee is the biggest and most complex joint in human body and considering the way it is built and the amount of work load it is subjected to, it often gets injured. A knee is involved in many activities such as walking, running, jumping, carrying the heavy loads and etc. One of the most common knee injuries is the injury of the anterior cruciate ligament that is very important for kinematic abilities and stability of the entire joint. Diagnosis is set based on anamnesis, clinical tests and MRI. Treatment can be done via operation or conservative methods, depending on mechanics and degree of injury itself, age of the patient and other factors. Rehabilitation can take up to six months, and it involves physiotherapy assessment, rehabilitation plan and goals of that particular physiotherapy intervention. Most frequent complications are loss off range of motion, muscle strength and reduced proprioception, therefore reduced neuromuscular control. The most important physiotherapy intervention in the rehabilitation is the kinesiotherapy. Exercises done are various, some of them are strength exercises, range of motion exercises, stretching and proprioception exercises. The goal of this study is to present proprioception exercises and their impact on patients with injured anterior cruciate ligament