Impact of Terrorism on Tourism - Selected Examples

Od kraja hladnog rata, teroristički su akti imali sve veće učinke na turistička odredišta. Danas je terorizam nepredviljiv, raširen i mobilan, a kao takav postao je opasna prijetnja svim turističkim aktivnostima. Turizam je danas ukomponiran u sve sfere socijalnog i gospodarskog života. Iako je turizam još uvijek svježa znanstvena disciplina, eksponencijalnom brzinom je postao masovna pojava te ekonomska kategorija koja je danas glavni generator potrošnje. Pored blagodati i prednosti koje suvremeni turizam stječe razvojem i rastom, potrebno je suočiti se s izazovima koje terorizam kao sve češće korištena strategija predstavlja. Izraz terorizam se često koristi s konotacijom nečega što je "moralno pogrešno".Porastom i razvojem medija, porastao je i broj informacija o terorističkim činovima pa se tako danas, u društvu vijest o terorističkom činu smatra dijelom svakodnevnice. Cilj ovog rada je pobliže objasniti suvremeni terorizam, korelaciju turizma i terorizma te definirati utjecaj terorizma na turizam kroz odabrane primjere. Odabrani su primjeri terorističkih činova u New Yorku i Parizu. U svrhu aktualiziranja činjenica provedeno je istraživanje metodom online upitnika na uzorku od 108 ispitanika koje je za cilj imalo pokazati u kojoj mjeri bi prisustvo terorizma utjecalo na odabir turističke destinacije. Istraživanje je pokazalo da samo veliki i masovni teroristički činovi ostaju trajnije u sjećanjima ljudi. Odbojnost prema destinaciji u kojoj je počinjen teroristički čin počinje se smanjivati nakon 3 mjeseca, dok su razmatranja za ponovni posjet istoj destinaciji realna nakon 6 mjeseci. Rezultati također pokazuju podjeljenja mišljenja prema tezi da terorizam može u konačnici pozitivno utjecati na turizam predmetne destinacije.Since the end of the Cold War, terrorist acts have had increasing effects on tourist destinations. Today, terrorism is unpredictable, widespread and mobile, and as such has become a dangerous threat to all tourism activities. Today, tourism is integrated into all spheres of social and economic life. Although tourism is still a fresh scientific discipline, it has become exponentially a mass phenomenon and an economic category that is today the main generator of consumption. In addition to the benefits and advantages that modern tourism acquires through development and growth, it is necessary to face the challenges that terrorism as an increasingly used strategy presents. The term terrorism is often used with the connotation of something that is "morally wrong". With the growth and development of the media, the amount of information about terrorist acts has increased, so today, in society, the news of a terrorist act is considered part of everyday life. The aim of this paper is to explain in more detail contemporary terrorism, the correlation of tourism and terrorism, and to define the impact of terrorism on tourism through selected examples. Examples of terrorist acts in New York and Paris were selected. In order to update the facts, an online questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample of 108 respondents, which aimed to show the extent to which the presence of terrorism would affect the choice of tourist destination. Research has shown that only large and mass terrorist acts remain more lasting in people’s memories. Repulsion towards the destination where the terrorist act was committed begins to decrease after 3 months, while considerations for revisiting the same destination are realistic after 6 months. The results also show divisions of opinion according to the thesis that terrorism can ultimately have a positive impact on the tourism of the destination in question