POETIKA USMENE EPIKE IMOTSKOGA KRAJA

U ovom radu obrađena je tema usmene epske književnosti na području imotske krajine. usmena književnost prenosi se s generacije na generaciju i stoljećima se razvija, mijenja i prilagođava okolini u kojoj nastaje. Usmene priče dijele se na novele, bajke, basne, predaje, legende, anegdote i šale. Novela je zatvoreni kratki prozni oblik, bajka je specifična zbog uloge fantastičnog i mitološkog a basna zbog uloge životinjskih likova, svoje kratkoće i didaktičnosti. Predaje razlikuje pripovjedačevo uvjerenje da je događaj koji pripovijeda istinit, podređene su lokalnoj sredini a dijele se na; povijesne, etiološke, eshatološke, mitološke, demonološke predaje i pričanja iz života. Povijesne predaje ističe fascinacija za prošlošću i povijesnim ličnostima. Predaje o ilirskim temama najčešće govore o ilirskoj kraljici Teuti, a srednjovjekovne teme o dolasku Hrvata i hrvatskim narodnim kraljevima dok je najviše povijesnih predaja iz doba osmanske okupacije. Etiološke predaje tumače uzrok i podrijetlo nastanka naziva za lokalitete i općenito za nastanke različitih pojava u društvu. Mitološke predaje govore o nadnaravnim bićima, vilama i božanstvima, demonološke svjedoče o izravnom susretu sa demonskim silama kao što su vještice i vukodlaci dok eshatološke predaje pripovijedaju o dušama pokojnika. S druge strane, legende govore o Božjim čudima i životima svetaca. Raširene su i usmene epske pjesme koje su opjevavale slavne narodne junake. Usmena književnost svjedoči o narodnoj prošlosti te je kao takva pravo nacionalno blago koje je potrebno očuvati.This paper deals with the topic of oral epic literature in the Imotski region. oral literature is passed down from generation to generation and for centuries it develops, changes and adapts to the environment in which it was created. Oral stories are divided into novels, fairy tales, fables, traditions, legends, anecdotes and jokes. The novella is a closed short prose form, the fairy tale is specific because of the role of the fantastic and mythological, and the fable because of the role of animal characters, its brevity and didactic nature. Oral traditions are distinguished by the narrator's belief that the event he is narrating is true, they are subordinated to the local environment and are divided into; historical, etiological, eschatological, mythological, demonological traditions and stories from life. Historical traditions are characterized by a fascination for the past and historical figures. Legends about Illyrian themes most often talk about the Illyrian queen Teuta, and medieval themes about the arrival of Croats and Croatian national kings, while the majority of historical legends are from the era of the Ottoman occupation. Etiological traditions explain the cause and the origin of names for localities and, in general, for the emergence of various phenomena in society. Mythological traditions speak of supernatural beings, fairies and deities, demonological traditions testify to direct encounters with demonic forces such as witches and werewolves, while eschatological traditions narrate about the souls of the deceased. On the other hand, legends narrate about God's miracles and the lives of saints. Oral epic songs sung by famous folk heroes were also widespread. Oral literature bears witness to the people’s past and as such is a real national treasure that needs to be preserved