NURSING ROLE AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

UVOD: Multipla skleroza jedna je od najčešćih neuroloških bolesti u svijetu. To je degenerativna bolest središnjeg živčanog sustava, koja prvenstveno zahvaća mozak i leđnu moždinu. Bolest najčešće karakteriziraju nepredvidivi ciklusi relapsa i remisija. Kvaliteta života povezana sa zdravljem višedimenzionalni je koncept koji uključuje mjere fizičkog, mentalnog, emocionalnog i socijalnog funkcioniranja prema samoprocjeni. Osobe oboljele od multiple skleroze obično prijavljuju nižu kvalitetu života povezanu sa zdravljem u usporedbi s općom populacijom i populacijom drugih kroničnih bolesti. CILJ RADA: Cilj rada je ispitati kvalitetu života osoba oboljelih od multiple skleroze. REZULTATI: U istraživanje je uključeno 20 ispitanika od čega 65% žena i 35% muškaraca. Čak 62% žena i 43% muškaraca su svoje zdravstveno stanje ocijenili dobrim, a lošim 15% žena i 29% muškaraca. Razlika u odgovorima između muškaraca i žena nije bila i statistički značajna (p=0,0757). Bolest utječe više na obavljanje različitih fizičkih aktivnosti muškaraca u odnosu na žene . Indeks kvalitete života neznatno je niži kod žena u odnosu na muškarce. Fizičke tegobe su najizraženije u skupini od 51 do 60 godina , a najmanje izražene u skupini od 31 do 40 godina . Emocionalne tegobe su najizraženije u slučaju visoke stručne spreme , a najmanje izražene kod ispitanika sa srednjom stručnom spremom . ZAKLJUČAK: Medicinska sestra ima ključnu ulogu u procjeni, dijagnostici i liječenju bolesnika s multiplom sklerozom. Isto tako, medicinska sestra ima važnu ulogu u edukaciji bolesnika, prenošenju složenih informacija, raspravljanju o podnošljivosti i nuspojavama liječenja te prenošenju važnosti pridržavanja liječenja. Predlaže načine na koje bolesnici mogu biti što neovisniji, brinuti se i unaprijediti svoje zdravlje, prepoznati moguće zdravstvene probleme, imati simptome pod kontrolom i spriječiti komplikacije.INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common neurological diseases in the world. It is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, which primarily affects the brain and spinal cord. The disease is most often characterized by unpredictable cycles of relapse and remission. Health-related quality of life is a multidimensional concept that includes self-reported measures of physical, mental, emotional, and social functioning. People with multiple sclerosis tend to report lower health-related quality of life compared to the general population and populations with other chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the final thesis is to examine the quality of life of people suffering from multiple sclerosis. RESULTS: 20 subjects were included in the research, of which 65% were women and 35% were men. Even 62% of women and 43% of men rated their health condition as good, while 15% of women and 29% of men rated it as bad. The difference in responses between men and women was not statistically significant (p=0.0757). The disease affects the performance of various physical activities more in men than in women . The quality of life index is slightly lower in women than in men . Physical ailments are most pronounced in the 51 to 60-year-old group, and least pronounced in the 31-40-year-old group . Emotional problems are most pronounced in the case of a higher vocational education, and the least pronounced in subjects with a secondary vocational education . CONCLUSION: The nurse has a key role in the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis. Likewise, the nurse plays an important role in patient education, conveying complex information, discussing tolerability and side effects of treatment, and conveying the importance of adherence to treatment. They suggest ways in which patients can be as independent as possible, take care of and improve their health, recognize possible health problems, keep symptoms under control and prevent complications