REVIEW OF THE MOST COMMON KNEE INJURIES, INJURY MECHANISMS ADN REHABILITATION IN ATHLETES

Koljeno je najsloženiji zglob građeno od brojnih manjih struktura i ima vrlo važnu ulogu u kretanju. Zadatak struktura je povećanje stabilnosti i funkcionalnosti. Također, koljeno je vrlo važno za prijenos sila koje djeluju okomito na ljudsko tijelo. Današnji su sportaši izloženi sve većem naporu što rezultira češćim ozljedama koljena. Cilj je ovog preglednog rada bio prikazati koje su strukture koljena najučestalije oštećene u sportu. Osim toga, prikazati najčešće mehanizme nastanka i najpreciznije načine dijagnostike. Ona je vrlo važan dio na putu do oporavka jer olakšava odabir pristupa u liječenju. Razlikujemo kirurški i konzervativni pristup. Na kraju smo naveli te slikama prikazali neke od vježbi koje se izvode u rehabilitacijskom programu. Za potrebe ovog rada koristili smo se stručnom literaturom te literaturom dostupnom na Google Scholaru.The knee is the most complex joint built of numerous smaller structures and plays a very important role in movement. The task of the structure is to increase stability and functionality. Also, the knee is very important for transmitting forces acting perpendicular to the human body. Today's athletes are exposed to increasing exertion resulting in more frequent knee injuries. The aim of this review was to shot which knee structures are more frequently damaged in sports. In addition, the mechanism of occurrence and the most precise methods of diagnosis are most often shown. It is a very important part on the road to recovery as it facilitates the choice of approach in treatment. We distinguish between surgical and conservative approaches. Finally, we have listed and shown in pictures some of the exercises that are performed inthe rehabilitation program. For the purposes of this paper, we used professional literature and literature available on Google Schola