Chemical characterization of marine sediment of kostrena aquatorium

Morski sediment je kompleksna čvrsta struktura koja je sastavni dio morskog ekosustava te prekriva veliki dio Zemljine površine. Zbog industrijske izloženosti mogu sadržavati razne vrste zagađivala. Policiklički aromatski ugljikovodici (PAU) skupina su organskih spojeva koji nastaju izgaranjem organske tvari tijekom različitih industrijskih procesa. Spadaju u značajnije onečišćivače jer se tijekom godina nakupljaju u sedimentima i vodama, a također takvu tendenciju imaju i teški metali. Općina Kostrena i pripadajući akvatorij nalaze se u području Primorsko goranske županije te su kroz dugi niz godina pod snažnim utjecajem brojnih djelatnosti i industrija. Sve to utječe i na ekološku stabilnost ovog akvatorija. U ovom istraživanju naglasak je stavljen na utvrđivanje koncentracija teških metala i policikličkih aromatskih ugljikovodika u morskom sedimentu na lokacijama koje su u neposrednoj blizini industrijskih postrojenja. Tijekom perioda od 2014. do 2020. godine ispitivanje je izvršeno na ukupno 8 točaka od kojih se za 6 pretpostavilo da sadrže teške metale i PAU-ove te 2 koje su promatrane kao kontrolne točke. Analizom je utvrđena prisutnost i povišena koncentracija metala i PAU-ova na svim točkama uzorkovanja za koje se pretpostavilo onečišćenje. Rezultati ukazuju na potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjem i monitoringom sedimenta mora kao i uvođenje zakonske regulative koja bi omogućila bolje praćenje ovakvih okolišnih onečišćenja.Marine sediment is a complex solid structure that is an integral part of the marine ecosystem and covers a large part of the Earth's surface. Due to industrial exposure, they may contain various types of pollutants. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds formed by the combustion of organic matter during various industrial processes. They are among the most significant pollutants because they accumulate in sediments and waters over the years, and heavy metals also have this tendency. The municipality of Kostrena and the associated waters are located in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County and have been strongly influenced by numerous activities and industries for many years. All this affects the ecological stability of this area. In this research, the emphasis was placed on determining the concentrations of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine sediment at locations that are in the immediate vicinity of industrial plants. During the period from 2014 to 2020, the test was performed at a total of 8 points of which 6 were assumed to contain heavy metals and PAHs and 2 which were observed as control points. The analysis determined the presence and elevated concentration of metals and PAHs at all sampling points for which contamination was assumed. The results indicate the need for further research and monitoring of sea sediment as well as the introduction of legislation that would allow better monitoring of such environmental pollution