Avalia??o da produ??o de biog?s a partir de res?duos de uma ind?stria de celulose

O biog?s ? um composto de gases que s?o gerados durante o processo em que bact?rias degradam materiais org?nicos. Desse composto ? poss?vel extrair o metano, g?s combust?vel que tem potencial para atender resid?ncias e ind?strias em diversos usos como por exemplo, sua queima para gera??o de energia el?trica e calor. Quando o material org?nico ? tratado em biodigestores ocorre a gera??o de dois produtos, o biog?s e o biofertilizante. Esses subprodutos apresentam grande utilidade no mercado atual como fonte de energia e insumos alternativos para agropecu?ria. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produ??o de biog?s utilizando os res?duos s?lidos gerados na ind?stria de papel Celulose Nipo-Brasileira (CENIBRA), localizada no munic?pio de Belo Oriente, estado de Minas Gerais. Foram implantados dez tratamentos com diferentes concentra??es de res?duos coletados na ind?stria: lodo biol?gico (LB) proveniente do tratamento de ?gua e esgoto realizado na ind?stria, o dregs (D) e a munha de carv?o (MC) provenientes do processo de beneficiamento da celulose. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: 1? trat.: 90%LB, 5%D, 5%MC; 2? trat.: 80%LB, 10%D, 10%MC; 3? trat.: 70%LB, 15%D, 15%MC; 4? trat.: 60%LB, 20%D, 20%MC; 5? trat.: 50%LB, 25%D, 25%MC; 6? trat.: 50%LB, 40%D, 10%MC; 7? trat. 50% LB, 10% D, 40%MC; 8? trat.: 70%LB, 30%D, 0%MC; 9? trat.: 70%LB, 0%D, 30%MC; 10? trat.: 100%LB, 0%D, 0%MC em rela??o ao peso total da amostra em cada reator. Os materias foram misturados em diferentes propor??es totalizando 0,1 kg para cada recipiente e condicionados em embalagens de vidro (reatores) de 500 ml com adi??o de ?gua, lacrados hermeticamente e mantidos no laborat?rio de solos e qu?mica da ?gua na UFVJM. A produ??o do biog?s foi avaliada utilizando um man?metro digital com leituras semanais durante o per?odo de 12 semanas. O tratamento que apresentou melhor resultado na produ??o total de biog?s foi com a mistura de 80% de LB, 10% de D e 10% de MC, obtendo-se 0,135m? de biog?s e 0,0743m? de metano ao final da 12? semana. Dos dez tratamentos realizados, quatro n?o produziram biog?s ao longo do per?odo avaliado. Nestes tratamentos o teor de munha de carv?o na mistura estava acima de 20%, indicando que quantidades deste elemento acima desta propor??o na mistura inibem a atividade microbiol?gica anaer?bica e a produ??o de biog?s. Todos os demais tratamentos produziram quantidades significativas de biog?s e metano ao longo do per?odo.Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Ambiente e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2021.Biogas is a compound of gases that are generated during the process in which bacteria degrade organic materials. From this compound it is possible to extract methane, a fuel gas that has the potential to serve homes and industries in various uses, such as burning it to generate electricity and heat. When organic material is treated in biodigesters, two products are generated, biogas and biofertilizer. These two by-products have great utility in the current market as an energy source and alternative inputs for agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate the production of biogas using solid waste generated in the paper industry Celulose Nipo-Brasileira (CENIBRA), located in the municipality of Belo Oriente, state of Minas Gerais. Ten treatments were implemented with different concentrations of waste collected in the industry: biological sludge (LB) from the treatment of water and sewage carried out in the industry, Dregs (D) and coal slug (MC) from the pulp processing process. The treatments used were: 1st treatment: 90%LB, 5%D, 5%MC; 2nd treatment: 80%LB, 10%D, 10%MC; 3rd treatment: 70%LB, 15%D, 15%MC; 4th treatment: 60%LB, 20%D, 20%MC; 5th treatment: 50%LB, 25%D, 25%MC; 6th treatment: 50%LB, 40%D, 10%MC; 7th treatment 50% LB, 10% D, 40%MC; 8th treatment: 70%LB, 30%D, 0%MC; 9th treatment: 70%LB, 0%D, 30%MC; 10th treatment: 100%LB, 0%D, 0%MC in relation to the total weight of the sample in each reactor. The materials were mixed in different proportions totaling 0.1 kg for each container and conditioned in glass containers (reactors) of 500 ml with the addition of water, hermetically sealed and kept in the soil and water chemistry laboratory at UFVJM. Biogas production was evaluated using a digital manometer with weekly readings for a period of 12 weeks. The treatment that showed the best result in total biogas production was a mixture of 80% LB, 10% D and 10% MC, obtaining 0.135m? of biogas and 0.0743m? of methane at the end of the 12th week. Of the ten treatments performed, four did not produce biogas over the period evaluated. In these treatments, the charcoal wal content in the mixture was above 20%, indicating that amounts of this element above this proportion in the mixture inhibit the anaerobic microbiological activity and the production of biogas. All other treatments produced significant amounts of biogas and methane over the period