The Early metabolic disorders among medical students

Background and aims: People suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), chronic kidney diseases (CKD), and/or diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 or at high risk of such diseases need early detection and management. The purpose is to investigate early metabolic disorders among medical students. Materials and methods: Investigated Group I – Ukrainian medical students (n=31) with abdominal obesity and control group (n=12, healthy students). Methods: Physical examination, medical history assessment, oral glucose tolerance test, HOMA-IR, blood lipids, urine albumin excretion (UAE), insulin, leptin, statistical methods. Results: Microalbuminuria is in 3 (9.7%) patients of Group I. From Group I, 5 (16.1%) were active smokers, 26 (83.9%) were never smokers. The mean smoking index in Group I was 5.0 (3.0; 7.0) packs/years, with correlation for UAE (r=+0.39; p=0.02). Hyperleptinemia was found in 30 (96.8%) patients in Group I (p<0.01), with correlation for UAE (r=+0.75; p<0.001). In Group I, 8 (25.8%) patients had IFG and 9 (29.1%) IGT; 27 (87.1%) –hyperinsulinemia and 96.8% had IR (with correlation for UAE – r=+0.73; p<0.001). Decreased HDL and elevated levels of TG were found in Group I (p<0.01). Conclusions: In medical students with abdominal obesity we found hyperleptinemia; dyslipidemia; pre-diabetic conditions and insulin resistance. Microalbuminuria was revealed only in 9.7% of patients and indicates the early stages of glomerular kidney damage and the presence of endothelial dysfunction. Correlation analysis confirmed the predictive role of metabolic disorders for increasing UAE. The relationship between insulin resistance and urine albumin (r=+0.73, p