El desarrollo sostenible y la sustentabilidad: una discusión recurrente

El objetivo del presente capítulo es dar a conocer un análisis teórico-crítico en relación con diferentes concepciones existentes en torno al desarrollo sostenible y su vinculación con la sustentabilidad, con el fin de evidenciar la forma como estos conceptos surgen, evolucionan y responden a diferentes épocas y perspectivas de análisis hasta convertirse, algunas de ellas, en paradigmas hegemónicos. Se pretende con ello abrir un espacio reflexivo en torno a los usos desmedidos y a veces indiscriminados que se hacen de estos términos, así como también a la comprensión de los efectos e impactos que su aparición y su discusión han tenido en Latinoamérica y, de manera especial, en el sector orientado al ofrecimiento de servicios turísticos y hoteleros, en el que convergen una gran cantidad de organizaciones y de empresas de muy diferentes características.The objective of the chapter is to present a theoretical-critical analysis in relation to different existing conceptions around sustainable development and its link with sustainability, in order to demonstrate the way these concepts arise, evolve and respond to different eras and perspectives, until sorne become hegemonic paradigms. It is intended to open a reflective space around the excessive and indiscriminate uses made of these two terms, as well as the understanding of the effects that their appearance, evolution and discussion have had in Latin America and, especially, in the sector oriented to the offer of tourist and hotel services, in which a large number of organizations and companies of very different characteristics converge, which, although they identify a set of opportunities, also recognize risks and impacts of various kinds associated with and derived from their activity, which must be considered in greater detall. The documentary research exercise investigated the positions of people, entities and organizations in which these concepts had their origin or were favored in terms of ensuring their dissemination, replication and assimilation. In this historical reconstruction, the emergence of other currents and perspectives of analysis that try to distance themselves from the dominant paradigms that exist in the study of sustainability and sustainability is involved