Gifted females and underachievement in mathematics and science careers

A review of the literature showed that gifted females are underrepresented in the fields of mathematics and science. One major reason for few women in traditionally male careers is lack of participation in advanced mathematics and science courses. Internal causes of a lack of participation are ability, values, confidence, motivation, personality, and perceptions. External causes are stereotypes and parental support. Career choice is affected by tradition, marriage, and family. Attempts have been made to change attitudes and career aspirations, but more needs to be done in the areas of education, counseling, careers, and research