Retinoblastoma: Insights on Paradigms, Clinicopathologic Observations, Clinical Diagnostic Procedures and Technological Interventions to Render Prognosis and Cure to Ailment

Eye cancer is extremely rare. It can harm the eye's outer parts, such as the eyelid, which is made up of muscles, skin, and nerves. Intraocular cancer occurs when cancer begins inside the eyeball. Melanoma and lymphoma are perhaps the very familiar intraocular cancers in grown-up person. Retinoblastoma, which begins in the cells of the retina, seems to be the most common type of eye cancer in children. Cancer can also disperse from several other parts of the human body to the eye. Therapies for eye cancer vary depending on the type and stage of the disease. Radiation therapy, Surgery, laser therapy, and freezing or heat therapy are all the possibilities. Medical imaging techniques such as Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography supports in obtaining the anatomical structure of the eye. By the introduction of the image segmentation algorithms, the infected portion in the eye image is segmented and the information such as the size and location of the tumor is also identified. This can assist the clinicians make more rapid and accurate diagnosis. The various studies using conventional segmentation methodologies on Retinoblastoma were reviewed in this paper