Analysis of Electromagnetic Forces in Transformer Windings with Finite Element Method Based on the TIME Domain

When short circuit takes place at the secondary side in the transformer, the current will generate such powerful electromagnetic force that it can damage windings and crack the transformer. Therefore, studying and calculating the electromagnetic force in case of short circuit is very useful in designing, manufacturing and testing transformers. This paper has used the finite element method based on the time domain with simulation software Maxwell of a 250kVA - 35/0.4kV three phase transformer under short circuit conditions to analyze and provide results about the leakage field density, the radial and axial electromagnetic forces density acting on high-voltage (HV) and low voltage (LV) windings. Then the position of the greatest stress is found on HV and LV windings under sudden short circuit at the LV winding of the transforme