Activity of the Probation and Mediation Service in the Czech Republic Abstract and keywords The presented thesis deals with the position of the probation and mediation service (PMS) within the criminal law policy of the Czech Republic, its procedures in the field of probation, mediation and other actions it performs within the framework of the criminal process with adult offenders. This work covers juvenile offenders minimally. The aim is to broadly cover the entire activity and role of the probation and mediation service during criminal proceedings. For that reason, the work is divided into several basic sections. The first section deals with the question of punishment and different approaches to this issue, especially in terms of retribut...