[[alternative]]A Study of the Transformation Process of a Suicidal Survivor by Applying the Life Journey Card

[[abstract]] 我國自殺的死亡率高於世界衛生組織（WHO）標準化死亡率的統計資料，且為國內重大死因之一。本研究旨在透過存在心理治療理論所發展之表達性藝術治療圖卡作為研究工具，研究自殺未遂者生命的轉化歷程。研究目的包括透過表藝圖卡：（一）探討自殺未遂者的自殺動機（二）瞭解自殺未遂者的自殺轉念（三）了解自殺未遂者對未來的期待（四）瞭解自殺未遂者的生命轉化歷程。研究方法係透過深度訪談所得之文本，藉由敍事分析法中的「整體-內容」研究進行分析。 研究工具以「生命旅行卡」，作為訪談時的重要研究工具。其發展藉由研究者所創作之圖卡，以Irvin D. Yalom的存在心理治療的四大命題「死亡」、「自由」、「孤獨」、「無意義」為理論架構，透過初篩、同儕回饋與建議、專家審查。經過立意取樣圖卡受訪者，分析結果為本圖卡：（一）的確能協助並增進受訪者在晤談時的自我表達（二）適度的減輕受訪者自我揭露時所產生的焦慮（三）受訪者對於存在心理治療的四大命題有不同程度的感受。 本敘事探究的情境脈絡與歸納研究結論為：（一）內、外在環境所造成的負向情緒無法調節，對於現狀又無力改變為自殺的主因（二）家人親情及伴侶之愛，社政、支持團體資源介入為自殺轉念的重要因素（三）藉旅行重新整理個人的原生家庭及親密關係，進而重新訂定個人的生活目標，使得自殺未遂者對於未來有期待（四）藉著生命不斷反覆經歷著痛苦及反思後所習得的人生智慧，重新詮釋個人的生命經驗，此為自殺未遂者的生命轉化歷程。 國內與自殺相關研究絕大多數係從病理、社會政策、以及自殺者人際有關進行研究，建議後續有更多研究從自殺未遂者當事人觀點進行深入探究。亦建議未來能從不同的文化脈略、性別角色等不同觀點切入，進行自殺相關研究。[[abstract]] Suicide has been ranked among the major causes of death in Taiwan. In addition, the local mortality rate of suicide is higher than that of standardized statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO). The purpose of the study is to explore the transformative life process of a suicide attempter through the photo cards designed in the light of existential psychotherapy and expressive art therapy. Specifically, there are four goals meant to achieve in this study. First, to explore the motive of a suicide attempter; Second, to understand the thoughts that make her suicide decision changed; Third, to realize the future expectation of herself; to investigate the transformative life process of herself. Methodologically, the researcher applied narrative analysis, holistic-content analysis in particular, to the textual data collected through depth-interviews. The life journey card was, as an important research tool, served to facilitate the interview. To enhance the validity of the card use, it has been established through a rigorous process in which the methods of card selecting, fellow researchers' feedback and expert review are executed, based on the four existential issues, i.e., death, freedom, loneliness and meaningless, proposed by Irvin Yalom as the theoretical structure. Through purposive sampling, the interviewees selected confirmed the following merits of the card: 1. being able to facilitate the expression of interviewees during interviews, 2. being able to reduce the anxiety of the interviewees as they expose themselves, 3. being able to demonstrate the varying degree of the interviewees' feeling towards the four existential issues stated. The current narrative study inductively reached the following conclusions: 1. The main reasons causing the interviewees' suicide attempt were the unregulated depressive emotions and the sense of powerless initiated by the negative incidents in life situation. 2. The effective factors that help suicide attempters change their decision were family connection, couple love, social political policies and supportive groups involved. 3. Having reorganized personal relationship with the originally born family and intimate relationship with lovers, the suicide attempter reset her personal life goals by breeding the hope during the travel course. 4. Applying the wisdom gained by reflecting on her own continuing suffering in life, the suicide attempter was able to reinterpret her personal life experience. It constitutes the life transformative process of the suicide attempter researched. The great majority of the researches in the area discussed have been conducted by exploring the issues of pathology, social policy and the interpersonal relationship of suicide attempters. It is suggested that future researches can be deeply explored in the light of the subjective view of the suicide attempters The researcher further suggests that suicide research can also be conducted from different cultural viewpoints or genders