Thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and drift spectroscopy applied to investigate the evolution of humic acids in forest soil at different vegetation stages

Humic acids (HAs) extracted from soils developed under two Norwegian spruce (Picea abies, (L.) Karst) subalpine forests of northern Italy were characterized using chemical, thermal (TG-DTA) and spectroscopic (DRIFT) analyses. The samples were taken from five sites which differed in orientation (northern and southern exposure) and vegetal cover at different old age: grassland, regeneration, immature and mature stands. In general, the thermal patterns of HAs were similar (three exothermic reactions appeared around at 300, 400 and 500\ub0C) in both sites in grasslands and regeneration while a considerable modification appeared in HA from stands of different age at northern and southern exposure site. DRIFT spectroscopy confirmed the differences observed through TG-DTA analysis. In particular the main structural changes were ascribed to modification of carbonyl group and of CH stretching in aliphatic components in each HAs from different sites