Micro-Raman water calibration in ultrapotassic silicate glasses: Application to phono-tephrites and K-foidites of Colli Albani Volcanic District (Central Italy)

This study investigates the potential use of micro-Raman spectroscopy for the quantification of water in ultrapotassic silicate glasses. A calibration was developed using experimental phono-tephritic glasses with water content ranging from ~ 1 to ~ 3 wt%. The calibration curve showed a typical direct proportionality between water content and the ratio of high- (3100–3750 cm−1) and low-wavenumber (100–1500 cm−1) spectral regions, with a linear fit coefficient m = 1.74. The comparison with the m coefficients available in literature for other silicate compositions showed a deviation of our composition as a function of some major oxides such as FeO, TiO2 and K2O, highlighting the possible influence of the polymerization degree (NBO/T: non-bridging oxygens per tetrahedron) on m coefficient. In this respect, we observed a linear relationship between m coefficient and NBO/T and a positive correlation between the area underneath the silicate region (100–1500 cm−1) and NBO/T for the phono-tephrite of this study and for other compositions spanning from basalts to phonolite and rhyolites available in literature. For ultrapotassic natural and experimental glasses characterized by the presence of CO2, documented by the carbonate peak at 1062–1092 cm−1, it has been possible to extrapolate the CO2 content by using the model of Morizet et al. (2013) obtaining values of ~ 1.1 ± 0.3 and ~ 1.7 ± 0.2 wt%, respectively. The obtained m coefficient was applied to estimate water content of natural phono-tephritic glasses belonging to the Colli Albani Volcanic District. Moreover, we estimated water content also for some natural K-foiditic glasses from the same volcanic district. Since the m coefficient results to be strongly dependent on the chemical composition of the sample of interest, the coefficient estimated for the phono-tephrites of this study could result in significant overestimation or underestimation of the water content of the Colli Albani Volcanic District K-foiditic natural samples. Thus, we extrapolated the m coefficient for the K-foiditic samples by means of an equation obtained in this study as function of the polymerization degree (NBO/T)