Magnetic properties and quench dynamics of two interacting ultracold molecules in a trap

We theoretically investigate the magnetic properties and nonequilibrium dynamics of two interacting ultracold polar and paramagnetic molecules in a one-dimensional harmonic trap in external electric and magnetic fields. The molecules interact via a multichannel two-body contact potential, incorporating the short-range anisotropy of intermolecular interactions. We show that various magnetization states arise from the interplay of the molecular interactions, electronic spins, dipole moments, rotational structures, external fields, and spin-rotation coupling. The rich magnetization diagrams depend primarily on the anisotropy of the intermolecular interaction and the spin-rotation coupling. These specific molecular properties are challenging to calculate or measure. Therefore, we propose the quench dynamics experiments for extracting them from observing the time evolution of the analyzed system. Our results indicate the possibility of controlling the molecular few-body magnetization with the external electric field and pave the way towards studying the magnetization of ultracold molecules trapped in optical tweezers or optical lattices and their application in quantum simulation of molecular multichannel many-body Hamiltonians and quantum information storing.We acknowledge the financial support from the Foundation for Polish Science within the Homing and First Team programmes co-financed by the EU Re- gional Development Fund and the PL-Grid Infrastruc- ture. A.D. acknowledges the financial support support from ERC AdG NOQIA, Spanish Ministry of Econ- omy and Competitiveness (“Severo Ochoa” program for Centres of Excellence in R&D (CEX2019-000910-S), Plan National FISICATEAMO and FIDEUA PID2019- 106901GB-I00/10.13039 / 501100011033, FPI), Fundaci ́o Privada Cellex, Fundaci ́o Mir-Puig, and from Gener- alitat de Catalunya (AGAUR Grant No. 2017 SGR 1341, CERCA program, QuantumCAT U16-011424, co-funded by ERDF Operational Program of Cat- alonia 2014-2020), MINECO-EU QUANTERA MAQS (funded by State Research Agency (AEI) PCI2019- 111828-2 / 10.13039/501100011033), EU Horizon 2020 FET-OPEN OPTOLogic (Grant No 899794), and the National Science Centre, Poland-Symfonia Grant No. 2016/20/W/ST4/00314Peer ReviewedPreprin