Analysis of the rise of fascist and authoritarian regimes between the years 1928 and 1940

V diplomski nalogi sem preučeval razvoj in vzpon avtoritarnih in fašističnih režimov v obdobju med obema vojnama. Primerjane so države jugozahodne Evrope, kraljevini Jugoslavija in Romunija, ter države zahodne Evrope, Združeno kraljestvo in Portugalska. V obdobju med obema vojnama je prišlo v Evropi do ogromnih političnih sprememb, ki so na koncu privedle do 2. svetovne vojne. V Romuniji in Jugoslaviji so razmere pripeljale do kraljevih diktatur kraljev Carola II. in Aleksandra I. v tem vrstnem redu. Na Portugalskem je oblast v državi prevzel premier Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, ki je vzpostavil korporativistično avtoritarno državo. Razvoj vsedržavnega fašizma se je, razen Jugoslavije, zgodil tako v Romuniji in na Portugalskem, kot tudi v Združenem Kraljestvu. Fašizem v vseh treh primerih povezujejo nacionalizem, populizem in antisemitizem. V Romuniji je Legijo Nadangela Mihaela vodil Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. Na Portugalskem je mesto vodje Nacionalnih Sindikalistov zasedal Francisco de Barcelos Rolão Preto. V Združenem Kraljestvu pa je največ uspeha med fašisti dosegel vodja Britanske Unije Fašistov Oswald Mosley. Korporativizem, ki je nastal v okviru krščanske socialne politike, je postal glavni ekonomski model takratnih fašistov.In my diploma thesis I explored the development and rise of authoritarian and fascist regimes during the interwar period. The comparison comprised Southwestern European countries, the kingdoms of Yugoslavia and Romania, and Western European countries, the United Kingdom and Portugal. In the interwar period, Europe underwent enormous political changes that eventually led to World War II. In Romania and Yugoslavia, the situation brought about the monarchic dictatorship of kings Charles II and Alexander I respectively. In Portugal, the power in the country was taken over by the prime minister Antonio de Oliveira Salazar who established a corporatist authoritarian state. Besides Yugoslavia, the development of nationwide fascism occurred in Romania and Portugal as well as in the United Kingdom. In all three latter cases, the common features of the fascism were nationalism, populism, and antisemitism. In Romania, the Legion of the Archangel Michael was led by Corneliu Zelea Codreanu. In Portugal, the leader of the National Syndicalists Movement was Francisco de Barcelos Rolão Preto. And in the United Kingdom, the greatest success among the fascists was achieved by the leader of the British Union of Fascists, Oswald Mosley. The corporatism, which emerged within the Christian social policy, became the principal economic model of the fascists of that time