slug parasitic nematodes and their role in biological control

Polži predstavljajo gospodarsko pomembne škodljivce v kmetijstvu. Ugodne vremenske razmere so v zadnjem času povzročile, da se je njihovo število močno povečalo, s tem pa tudi gospodarska škoda na gojenih rastlinah. V Sloveniji poznamo več vrst polžev, ki povzročajo gospodarsko škodo. Med njimi velja izpostaviti predvsem španskega lazarja (Arion vulgaris), mrežastega slinarja (Deroceras reticulatum) in malega vrtnega polža (Cepaea hortensis). Zatiranje polžev temelji predvsem na uporabi kemičnih pripravkov, ki jih imenujemo limacidi. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so limacidi strupeni za okolje in zato raziskovalci iščejo alternativne rešitve v varstvu rastlin pred polži. V nalogi predstavljamo različne načine zatiranja polžev. Med temi tudi biotično zatiranje s parazitskimi ogorčicami polžev, kot sta Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita in Phasmarhabditis papillosa. V nalogi je predstavljen njihov pomen v biotičnem varstvu rastlin.Slugs and snails are economically important pests in agriculture. Favorable weather conditions have recently caused their number to increase sharply, as well as economic damage to cultivated plants. There are several types of mollusk species in Slovenia that cause economic damage. Among them, the Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris), the grey field slug (Deroceras reticulatum) and white-lipped snail (Cepaea hortensis) are particularly noteworthy. Control of mollusks is mainly based on the use of chemical pesticides. Pesticides have been found to be toxic to the environment and researchers are therefore looking for alternative solutions in plant protection. In this paper, we present different ways of controlling mollusks. These include biological control with the use slug parasitic nematodes such as Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita and Phasmarhabditis papillosa. The paper presents their importance in biological control