Women\u27s question in socialism: political thought of Alexandra Kollontai in Yugoslav feminist discourses

Pričujoče magistrsko delo obravnava politično misel ruske teoretičarke Aleksandre Kollontaj v jugoslovanskih feminističnih diskurzih. S tem namenom delo umestimo v foucaultovski arheološki pristop, ki naš teoretsko-metodološki okvir opremi s konceptoma diskurza ter avtor-funkcije. V skladu s konceptom diskurza socialistični feminizem opredelimo kot diskurz in preko metafore nesrečnega zakona izpostavimo njegove ključne elemente. V obravnavi socialističnega feminizma kot diskurza se kot ena izmed ključnih lastnosti kažejo paradigmatske omejitve, ki jih implicira uvedba spola kot analitične kategorije. Koncept avtor-funkcije služi obravnavi vloge Aleksandre Kollontaj v jugoslovanskih feminističnih diskurzih. Pri tem stičišča obravnavanih feminističnih tokov opazujemo na dveh mestih. Na prvem mestu gre tu za tematska stičišča, kjer primerjamo delovanje dveh ženskih organizacij - sovjetskega Ženotdela in jugoslovanske Antifašistične fronte žensk. V obravnavi le-teh kot pomembno stičišče prepoznamo vprašanje o pogojih emancipacije žensk. V sklopu tematskih stičišč prav tako obravnavamo področje komodifikacije (ženske) seksualnosti, kjer prepoznamo podobnosti v obravnavanju fenomena kot družbeno situiranega. Na drugem mestu obravnavamo okoliščine prevoda zbirke Ženska v socializmu (1982), ki predstavlja prvi slovenski prevod del Aleksandre Kollontaj. V tej obravnavi ugotavljamo, da je Aleksandra Kollontaj v lokalni feministični prostor vstopila preko klasikov marksizma, in ne preko feminističnih tokov. Hkrati ugotavljamo, da je Aleksandra Kollontaj v slovenskem feminističnem prostoru predstavljala novost, in ne ene izmed ključnih referenčnih točk.The present master’s thesis deals with the political thought developed by the Russian theoretician Alexandra Kollontai and its integration to Yugoslav feminist discourses. The work is situated within a Foucauldian archaeological approach which grounds our theoretical and methodological framework in the concepts of discourse and author-function. In line with the concept of discourse, we delineate socialist feminism as a discourse and underline its key elements through the unhappy marriage metaphor. Here, the paradigmatic limitations implied by the introduction of gender as an analytical category emerge as one of its key features. The concept of author-function serves to address the role of Kollontai in Yugoslav feminist discourses. In doing so, the intersections of the discussed feminist currents are observed in two instances. Firstly, we discuss thematic intersections and compare two women’s organisations - the Soviet Zhenotdel and the Yugoslav Antifascist Women’s Front. Here, the question of the condition of the emancipation of women is identified as an important point of convergence. We also consider the subject of the commodification of (female) sexuality and recognise similarities in the treatment of this phenomenon as socially situated. Secondly, we look at the context of the translation of the volume Ženska v socializmu (1982), which represents the first Slovenian translation of Kollontai’s works. In this analysis, we note that Kollontai was introduced to the local feminist space through the classics of Marxism, rather than through feminist currents. We conclude that Alexandra Kollontai represented a novelty in the Slovenian feminist space, and not one of the key reference points