Micropropagation of blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) in vitro

Borovnice (Vaccinium sp.) spadajo v družino vresovk (Ericaceae) in so pomembno živilo v naši prehrani. Vsebujejo 85 % vode, preostanek pa prestavljajo ogljikovi hidrati. Med mikrohranili najbolj izstopata vitamina C in K, med minerali pa mangan. Znane so tudi po visoki vsebnosti antioksidantov, predvsem antocianov, ki imajo vlogo pri zaščiti celic pred oksidativnim stresom. V zadnjih tridesetih letih se je povpraševanje po borovnicah, zlasti po ameriških, močno povečalo, kar je privedlo tudi do porasta njihove pridelave. Za pridobivanje novih rastlin po klasičnih postopkih z lesnatimi in zelenimi potaknjenci je potrebno veliko prostora in časa, problem pa predstavljajo tudi bolezni. Težave se pojavljajo pri posameznih sortah, kjer je delež ukoreninjenih potaknjencev izredno nizek. V teh primerih lahko s pomočjo mikropropagacije , v in vitro razmerah pridobimo večje število kakovostnih sadik v izredno kratkem času. Na podlagi primerjave in vitro in klasično pridobljenih potomcev ni bilo videti razlik v pridelavi borovnic. Nekateri avtorji navajajo, da so mikropropagirane rastline celo bolj rodne in da se potaknjenci teh rastlin lažje ukoreninijo.Blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) belongs to the heather family (Ericaeae). Blueberry plays an important role in our nutrition. It contains 85% water, the rest is mainly carbohydrates, and they also contain vitamins C and K, as well as manganese. In the last thirty years, the demand for blueberries, especially highbush blueberries, has increased greatly. As demand has increased, so has production to keep up with consumers. Traditional methods of obtaining new plants of highbush blueberries have been wood or green shoots, which is time-consuming, requires a lot of space, and also presented problems with disease transmission, and some varieties responded very poorly to rooting. Micropropagation is a good solution when traditional methods do not give the desired results. Tests have been conducted to compare micropropagated and traditionally obtained plants, and there were no major differences, some say that micropropagated plants give better yields than normal ones