Staff structural empowerment- : Observations of first-line managers and interviews with managers and staff

Aim The aim was to study how first-line managers act to make structural empowerment accessible for nursing staff and furthermore to relate these observations to the manager's and their nursing staff's descriptions regarding the staff's access to empowering structures. Background Staff access to empowering structures has been linked to positive workplace outcomes. Managers play an important role in providing the conditions for structural empowerment. Method Five first-line managers were observed for two workdays. Managers and staff (n = 13) were thereafter interviewed. Field notes and interviews were analysed using directed content analysis. Results The managers displayed intentional actions that could enable their staff access to empowering structures. Managers and staff described the importance of staff's access to empowering structures. Conclusion Staff who perceive to have access to structural empowerment have managers who are present and available. Unanimity among managers and staff existed in regard to the importance of staff having access to structural empowerment. The managers work continually and intentionally, doing many things at the same time, to provide the staff access to empowering structures. Implications for Nursing Management The study shows the importance of promoting managers' awareness of staff's access to structural empowerment and maximizing managers' presence and availability to their staff