Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Nanociencia y Biofísica (UAM).[EN] Strain engineering is a powerful tool that can be used to tune the optical and electronic properties of two-dimensional semiconductors such as TMDCs through the deformation of these materials. In this thesis I provide a whole description of the necessary details to perform optical measurements in function of the strain on two-dimensional materials like MoS2, MoSe2, WS2 or WSe2 by using experimental methods like micro-reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy. In the course of the thesis manuscript, I describe all the details that are needed for the calibration steps that will be useful for knowing the applied strain in the differen...