Ground-penetrating radar in peri/glacial environments

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) technique is a non-invasive geophysical method based on sending an electromagnetic signal into the ground and evaluating it after reflection from subsurface structures. The Georadar method is used to study a large number of geomorphological phenomena. This paper focuses on defining the potential applications of GPR in periglacial and glacial environments. Based on a literature search, an overview of GPR applications in periglacial and glacial environments was developed. Attention was also paid to the suitability of individual environments for GPR surveys and the advantages and limitations of GPR method in cryogenic phenomena research. In periglacial environments, GPR is most commonly used for active layer delineation and ground ice detection, but the depth range is limited by the presence of liquid water in the active layer. In glacial environments, GPR is most often used to measure the thickness of glaciers and to image their structure. Ice is the most suitable of all materials (except air) for radio signal propagation and the depth range of the signal in ice is many times greater than in other materials. Key words: Ground penetrating radar, electromagnetic waves, periglacial environments, glacial environments, permafrost, glacier