Transhumanism is a philosophical-cultural movement started in the mid-20th century that seeks to consolidate itself in the next decades of the 21st century. It claims the possibility of hyper-developing human capacities to end suffering, remove our limitations and even cross the barrier of death through technoscience. How has a proposal so extreme that it seeks to even genetically alter our human condition been accepted? The answer does not come from high technology, but from the study of a long historical-cultural process that starts, fundamentally, from Modernity and that precipitates into Postmodernity. We will show the anthropological-social transformations that have influenced the development of Transhumanism until we reach our curre...