The impact of total quality management and corporate social responsibility on the financial performance of higher education institutions: A review with a focus on institutions in the United Arab Emirates

Many of the studies and researchers published in Total Quality Management (TQM) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) have confirmed an interest in total quality in the education sector. Increasingly, this concern with the growing awareness of this approach's significance and the critical role of the TQM in providing quality education services when applied effectively. In United Arab Emirate (UAE), many private higher education institutes (PHEI's) face many challenges related to their traditional management systems. There is a rapid growth in the private higher education sector in UAE in terms of the number of institutions, students, and employees. After decades of development, education quality in private higher education institutes (PHEIs) has become one of the main considerations. The Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) continuously monitored the improvement measures applied in such institutions. However, some challenges emerged in many 'PHEI's across the UAE, most of which are associated with the growing demands to offer quality education services. In response to the high demand for quality education, some of the existing 'PHEI's in UAE have been reportedly poor in their ratings. The MOHE even terminated some other institutes as they fall below expectations. This undertaken research aims to assess and propose solutions to the below problems. This study reviews the implications of adopting TQM and CSR management approaches on higher education institutes' performance, focusing on PHEI's in UAE