The Intergenerational Transmission of World War I on Female Labor

This article explores the pathways that underlie the diffusion of women's participation in the labor force across generations. I exploit a severe exogenous shock to the sex ratio, World War I in France, which generated a large inflow of women in the labor force after the war. I show that this shock to female labor transmitted to subsequent generations until today. Three mechanisms of intergenerational transmission account for this result: transmission through parents, through marriage, and through local social interactions. Beyond behaviors, the war also permanently altered beliefs toward the role of women in the labor force