Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The whole body inhalation exposure system using in this study. The whole body inhalation exposure system (A). The averaged TiO2 NP concentration in the chamber for each exposure day (B). Representative scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the TiO2 NPs in the chambers (C). The particle size distributions for the various exposure concentrations (D). Cumulative frequency distribution graphs with logarithmic probability (E). Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (σg) in the chamber (F). Scale bar: 20 μm, Yellow scale bar: 4 μm (panel C)
Additional file 8: Fig. S8. Additional AEC2 marker expression in pulmonary dust foci (PDF) and in ti...
Additional file 5: Fig. S5. Representative microscopic photographs of the lungs of a female control ...
Additional file 19: Table S7. Calculation of benchmark doses (BMD) for pulmonary dust foci (PDF) usi...
Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Representative macroscopic photographs of whole lungs. A: Normal lungs o...
Additional file 15: Table S3. Relative organ weights in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 14: Table S2. Absolute organ weights in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 17: Table S5.. Blood-biochemistry data in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 11: Fig. S11. Representative macroscopic and TEM images of TiO2 NP. A: Macroscopic i...
Additional file 18: Table S6. Histopathological findings, excluding lung and mediastinal lymph node,...
Additional file 9: Fig. S9. Immunohistochemical characteristics in tissue surrounding a lesion in ra...
Additional file 21: Table S9. Calculation of human inhalation exposure concentrations by conversion ...
Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Representative microscopic photographs of a female rat left lung after i...
Additional file 16: Table S4. Blood-hematologic data in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 13: Table S1. Numerical values of the Means and SD data in Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, an...
Additional file 20: Table S8. Calculation of the internal lung dose using the MPPD particle depositi...
Additional file 8: Fig. S8. Additional AEC2 marker expression in pulmonary dust foci (PDF) and in ti...
Additional file 5: Fig. S5. Representative microscopic photographs of the lungs of a female control ...
Additional file 19: Table S7. Calculation of benchmark doses (BMD) for pulmonary dust foci (PDF) usi...
Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Representative macroscopic photographs of whole lungs. A: Normal lungs o...
Additional file 15: Table S3. Relative organ weights in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 14: Table S2. Absolute organ weights in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 17: Table S5.. Blood-biochemistry data in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 11: Fig. S11. Representative macroscopic and TEM images of TiO2 NP. A: Macroscopic i...
Additional file 18: Table S6. Histopathological findings, excluding lung and mediastinal lymph node,...
Additional file 9: Fig. S9. Immunohistochemical characteristics in tissue surrounding a lesion in ra...
Additional file 21: Table S9. Calculation of human inhalation exposure concentrations by conversion ...
Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Representative microscopic photographs of a female rat left lung after i...
Additional file 16: Table S4. Blood-hematologic data in the 13-week inhalation exposure study
Additional file 13: Table S1. Numerical values of the Means and SD data in Figures 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, an...
Additional file 20: Table S8. Calculation of the internal lung dose using the MPPD particle depositi...
Additional file 8: Fig. S8. Additional AEC2 marker expression in pulmonary dust foci (PDF) and in ti...
Additional file 5: Fig. S5. Representative microscopic photographs of the lungs of a female control ...
Additional file 19: Table S7. Calculation of benchmark doses (BMD) for pulmonary dust foci (PDF) usi...