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Myotoxic effects of Malaysian <i>N</i>. <i>sumatrana</i> venom and <i>N</i>. <i>kaouthia</i> venom in directly stimulated twitches of the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation.

  • Nor Asyikin Zukifli (13775212)
  • Zalikha Ibrahim (13775215)
  • Iekhsan Othman (3486521)
  • Ahmad Khaldun Ismail (13775218)
  • Janeyuth Chaisakul (5188094)
  • Wayne C. Hodgson (412268)
  • Muhamad Rusdi Ahmad Rusmili (5188100)
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Publication date
September 2022
Icon DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0274488.g007
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Abstract

Panel (A) N.sumatrana venom and (B) N.kaouthia venom indicate change in the direct twitch height in tissue added with different concentration (5–30 μg/ml) venom. Panel (C) N. sumatrana venom and (D) Absolute baseline change of tissues after addition of (C) N. sumatrana venom and (D) N. kaouthia venom while on direct twitches. Panel (E) N. sumatrana venom and (F) N. kaouthia venom indicate contractile response change to exogenous KCl in tissues exposed to on contractile responses to exogenous KCl. NS indicates N.sumatrana venom and NK indicates N.kaouthia venom.* p < 0.05, significantly different from control (distilled water) (n = 4, one-way ANOVA).</p

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