The relationship between metabolic syndrome and bone health: results of a retrospective gender specific female study.

Background:Osteoporosis (OP) and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are prevalent in aging westernized societies and adversely affect the health of the elderly people by causing fractures and vascular complications. It is well known that visceral obesity, the main component of MS, is a source of proinflammatory cytokines that may promote bone resorption. Many studies have pointed out the relationship between MS and bone metabolism, but the results are still contradictory.The aim of our retrospective study was to examine the possible link between classical features of MS and bone metabolism in a cohort of postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: a total of 125 postmenopausal diabetic women with MS (mean age 66,7\ub1 7,8 yrs) were recruited in our outpatients clinic.We used Pearson correlation analysis to evaluate the associations between MS defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria, with both femoral and lumbar BMD and T-score. Moreover, in each patient HbA1c, Body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were studied. bc0 c35 bc0 c48 bc0 c56 bc0 c58 bc0 c4f bc0 c57 bc0 c56 bc0 c1d bc0 c03 bc0 c1a bc0 c17 bc0 c03 bc0 c5a bc0 c52 bc0 c50 bc0 c48 bc0 c51 bc0 c03 bc0 c0b bc0 c18 bc0 c1c bc0 c08 bc0 c0c bc0 c03 bc0 c4b bc0 c44 bc0 c47 bc0 c03 bc0 c44 bc0 c03 bc0 c03 bc0 c25 bc0 c30 bc0 c2c bc0 c03 bc0 c95 bc0 c03 bc0 c16 bc0 c13 bc0 c03 bc0 c4e bc0 c4a bc0 c12 bc0 c50 bc0 c15 bc0 c03 bc0 c44 bc0 c51 bc0 c47 bc0 c03 bc0 c14 bc0 c13 bc0 c16 bc0 c03 bc0 c0b bc0 c1b bc0 c19 bc0 c08 bc0 c0c bc0 c03 bc0 c4b bc0 c44 bc0 c47 bc0 c03 bc0 c44 bc0 c03 bc0 c4b bc0 c4c bc0 c4a bc0 c4b bc0 c03 bc0 c5a bc0 c44 bc0 c4c bc0 c56 bc0 c57 circumference ( mean WC 96,5\ub110,4 cm). VAI was high in 113 out of 125 women (mean bc0 c39 bc0 c24 bc0 c2c bc0 c1d bc0 c03 bc0 c17 bc0 c0f bc0 c1b bc0 c16 bc0 c93 bc0 c16 bc0 c0f bc0 c13 bc0 c16 bc0 c0c bc0 c11 bc0 c03 bc0 c17 bc0 c1a bc0 c03 bc0 c0b bc0 c17 bc0 c13 bc0 c08 bc0 c0c bc0 c03 bc0 c56 bc0 c58 bc0 c45 bc0 c4d bc0 c48 bc0 c46 bc0 c57 bc0 c56 bc0 c03 bc0 c4b bc0 c44 bc0 c47 bc0 c03 bc0 c44 bc0 c03 bc0 c37 bc0 c10 bc0 c56 bc0 c46 bc0 c52 bc0 c55 bc0 c48 bc0 c03 bc0 c94 bc0 c03 bc0 c10 bc0 c15 bc0 c0f bc0 c18 bc0 c03 bc0 c47 bc0 c4c bc0 c44 bc0 c4a bc0 c51 bc0 c52 bc0 c56 bc0 c57 bc0 c4c bc0 c46 bc0 c03 bc0 c49 bc0 c52 bc0 c55 bc0 c03 bc0 c32 bc0 c33 bc0 c0f bc0 c03 bc0 c5a bc0 c4b bc0 c4c bc0 c4f bc0 c48 bc0 c03 bc0 c17 bc0 c18 (36%) patients showed osteopenia (T-score among -1 e -2,5), and 33 (26%) had a normal T-score. Duration of disease, HbA1c, lipids profile and blood pressure were not related to BMD and T-score. VAI (r: 0,203; p:0,02), BMI (r : 0,311;p<0,001) and WC (r:0,337; p< 0,001) showed a significant positive correlation with both femoral and lumbar BMD and T-score. Conclusions: In our study MS was not associated with reduced BMD. The low grade inflammation in MS could affect BMD, but the protective effect of adiposity may counteract the negative influence of adipocytokines on bone mass