Regime Change? Enabling Big Data through Europe’s New Data Protection Regulation

The European Union has just passed the most comprehensive overhaul of its privacy laws in two decades. The so-called General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) brings numerous changes. In this Article we look at how the GDPR will impact, enable or restrict the use of Big Data in Europe. We look at three distinct privacy aspects of Big Data: while collection sees a tightening of regulation through the GDPR, the principles of purpose limitation and retention minimization offer a mixed view, including a rather surprising avenue that could permit Big Data applications at a much larger scale than today. We conclude in evaluating whether this exception, that provides some room for manoeuver for member states, will be sufficient for Big Data to flourish, and what issues remain to be addresse