Enhancement of biofilm formation and microalgae growth by preparing cellulose film with rough surface

A series of cellulose films with rough surface were prepared by dissolution and regeneration in the ionic liquid, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). The cellulose films possessed a rough surface with the maximum height difference (S-z) of 128-217 mu m, a macroporous structure with a high porosity of 84.7%-90.5%, and a negative potential between -40.00 and -54.15 mV. Furthermore, the cellulose films exhibited excellent microalgae adhesion properties. After 18 days of attached Chlorella sp. cultivation experiments, the average productivities of C-A-120 films (C-A-X, X means the mesh number of the substrate) reached 20.80 g m(-2) d(-1)), which is 2.69 times than that of the cellulose film with a smooth surface. The result indicates that the cellulose films with a rough surface and high water adsorption ratio have a huge potential in serving as the substrate of the attached microalgae cultivation to promote microalgae cells growth and biofilm formation