The Immune Landscape of Human Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma: Key Players, Clinical Implications, and Challenges
- Muller, Marie
- Haghnejad, Vincent
- Schaefer, Marion
- Gauchotte, Guillaume
- Caron, Bénédicte
- Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
- Bronowicki, Jean Pierre
- Neuzillet, Cindy
- Lopez, Anthony Sánchez
DOIAbstract
International audiencePancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive and deadliest cancer worldwide with an overall survival rate, all stages combined, of still <10% at 5 years. The poor prognosis is attributed to challenges in early detection, a low opportunity for radical resection, limited response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and resistance to immune therapy. Moreover, pancreatic tumoral cells are surrounded by an abundant desmoplastic stroma, which is responsible for creating a mechanical barrier, preventing appropriate vascularization and leading to poor immune cell infiltration. Accumulated evidence suggests that PDAC is impaired with multiple “im-mune defects”, including a lack of high-quality effector cells...
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