Multi-Objective Optimization in Friction Welding Process Parameters on EN353 Alloy Steel using Taguchi based GRA

Joining of similar materials by varying the input factors on a continuous drive friction welding process is done in this study. The intention is to find the optimal solution in friction welding input process parameters. Among several types of welding processes, friction welding forms good metal joints. The process factors considered for this material joining practice are Upset Time (UT), Heating Time (HT), Heating Pressure (HP), Upset Pressure (UP), chemical composition and measurements of the materials. Frictional joints provide better mechanical properties, hence it is attracted by researchers. Here, EN353 is used as the specimen, for its extensive usage in the automobile and manufacturing sectors. Axial shortening, hardness testing and the temperature during welding are evaluated, compared and optimized using Taguchi Design of Experiments (DoE) scheme using L27 orthogonal array and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA)