Characterization of forage, sweet and biomass sorghum for agronomic performance and ensilability.

ABSTRACT - This study evaluated sorghum cultivars? agronomic performance and ensilability with different purpose. The experiment was conducted in Sinop/MT in the 2020 growing season. Eight experimental hybrids from Embrapa (forages 15F30005 and 15F30006, sweet CMSXS 5027, 5030, 5043, and 5045, and biomass 2019B008 and CMSXS 7501), and seven commercial hybrids (forages BRS 658, BRS 659, Volumax, BRS Ponta Negra, the sweet BRS 511, and biomass BRS 716 and AGRI-002E) were planted in a randomized block design, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The highest yields in green matter belonged to the group formed by BRS 716 and CMSXS 5043, with an average of 101.9 Mg ha-1. The group with the highest dry matter productivity was formed by the cultivars AGRI-002E and BRS 716, with a 28.77 Mg ha-1 average. BRS 716, AGRI-002E, BRS 658, and 659 showed higher dry matter contents (DM), with 297.7 g kg-1 of DM. For buffering capacity, BRS 511 had the lowest value, with 16.2 g kg-1 DM. BRS 511 and CMSXS 5030 presented the highest average, 391.7 g kg-1 DM for water soluble carbohydrates. All genotypes showed potential to be ensiled and produce silages with a good fermentation pattern. RESUMO - Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e a ensilabilidade de cultivares de sorgo com diferentes aptidões. O experimento foi conduzido em Sinop/MT, com plantio na Safra 2020. Oito híbridos experimentais da Embrapa (os forrageiros 15F30005 e 15F30006, os sacarinos CMSXS 5027, 5030, 5043 e 5045 e os biomassa 2019B008 e CMSXS 7501) e sete comerciais (os forrageiros BRS 658, BRS 659, Volumax, BRS Ponta Negra, o sacarino BRS 511, e os biomassas BRS 716 e AGRI-002E) foram plantados em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com 15 tratamentos e três repetições. As maiores produtividades em matéria verde foram observadas no grupo formado por BRS 716 e CMSXS 5043, com média de 101,9 Mg ha-1. Para produção em matéria seca (MS), os cultivares AGRI-002E e BRS 716 compuseram o grupo de maior média, com 28,77 Mg ha-1. BRS 716, AGRI-002E, BRS 658 e 659 obtiveram maiores teores de matéria seca, com 297,7 g kg-1 de MS. Para capacidade tampão, BRS 511 obteve menor teor, 16,2 g kg-1 MS. Para carboidratos solúveis, BRS 511 e CMSXS 5030 apresentaram a maior média, de 391,7 g kg-1 MS. Todos os genótipos se mostraram passíveis de serem ensilados e produzirem silagens de adequado padrão fermentativo