Multivariate characterization of bean varieties according to yield production, mineral and phenolic contents.

The contents of mineral nutrients (Fe, Ca, Cu, Mn, Mg, and Zn) and phenolic compounds (total phenols and tannins) of sixteen bean cultivars grown under controlled conditions have been quantified. Data obtained from chemical determinations and bean yields were evaluated by multivariate methods, principal components, hierarchical cluster and canonical correlation analysis. Three groups of cultivars were recognized and mineral nutrients Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn as well as bean yields were the most relevant factors for their discrimination. Potential bean varieties for biofortification programs or direct use in fortified food were identified mainly in cluster I, in which a number of cultivars conciliate good yields and high mineral contents, such as Aporé (Fe and Mg), Bambuí (Zn), and Valente (Fe and Cu). The use of canonical correlation analysis allowed for the detection of significant relationships between bean yield, tannins, and Mg, Zn, and Mn metals