A REVIEW ON SEAWATER & SEA ICE DESALINATION TECHNOLOGIES

Life on our planet requires fresh water. According to WHO, water scarcity affects roughly one-third of the world’s population, and approximately 2.3 billion people. The World Water Council states that this water crisis will become more acute over the next fifty years as the world population increases. Yet, water covers nearly three quarters of our planet -- 97.5% of this water is saltwater. Therefore, a practical, economically viable desalination process is crucial to overcoming this crisis. A number of seawater desalination technologies have been developed during the last several decades to augment the supply of water in arid regions of the world. Due to the constraints of high desalination costs, many countries are unable to afford these technologies as a fresh water resource. However, the steady increasing usage of seawater desalination has demonstrated that seawater desalination is a feasible water resource free from the variations in rainfall