Image–Based Modelling Restitution: Pipeline for Accuracy Optimisation

The paper presents an innovative approach to support survey methods by applying AI algorithms to improve the accuracy of point clouds generated from UAV imagery. The work analyses different photogrammetric accuracy parameters in a first step, such as reprojection error and the intersection angle between homologous rays, verifying that a single parameter is enough to evaluate the accuracy of the photogrammetric restitution. Therefore, some of the calculated parameters were analysed through a Self–Organizing Map (SOM) to reach a compromise between the value of the variables analysed and the noise reduction associated with the 3D model definition. In the case study, it has been observed that the parameter that most influences the noise in the photogrammetric point clouds is the intersection angle