[[alternative]]The evaluation for nursery courses of military training in high school and senior vocation high school

[[abstract]]邁入二十一世紀，為追求精緻的教育品質，我國九年一貫課程於九十年正式實施，爲達到課程完善的銜接，教育部正編列新的高中課程並預計九十四年起正式實施，其中軍訓護理課程將改名為「健康與護理」科，並列為男女必修課程，新的課程將以銜接九年一貫為主，同時以符合世界健康教育潮流，因此在研發新課程的同時探討目前護理課程之利弊，可做為新課程之參考。故本研究針對實施近四十年的軍訓護理課程進行評鑑，評鑑內容包括「課程內容」、「教學方法」、「教學資源」及「教學評量」四項; 研究方法包括問卷調查高中職女學生、家長及護理教師之意見;其次訪談參與規劃「健康與護理」課程發展之專家，就問卷調查結果提出可供新課程參考之意見;綜合以上收集之資料，統整出適切的建議，以提供未來「健康與護理」課程發展之參考。 本研究之結論歸納如下: 一、在「課程內容」方面:高中職女學生、家長及護理教師認為學生最優先需要的為「兩性交往」、「心肺復甦術與異物梗塞」、「青少年身心發展」及「促進健康之概念」等主題;上述之主題經專家判斷之後認為可銜接九年一貫健康領域之主題軸並可依重要性優先順序，提供新課程時數安排之參考。 二、在「教學方法」方面:高中職女學生、家長及護理教師認為對學生最有幫助 Ⅲ 的教學方法為「小組討論」、「技術示範」及「腦力激盪」等項;專家亦認同這些教學方法，可成為未來「健康與護理」課程之教學理念。 三、在「教學資源」方面:高中職女學生、家長及護理教師認為可以豐富教學內容的資源為「錄影帶」及「多媒體視聽器材」等項;專家亦認同這些資源之應用，應可以豐富未來「健康與護理」課程之教學內容。 四、在「教學評量」方面:高中職女學生、家長及護理教師認為對學生最有幫助的教學評量為「上課參與及表現」、「技術測驗」及「小組共同學習成果展現」等項;專家亦認為未來「健康與護理」課程亦可採納這些評量方式。 五、護理教師實施護理課程所面臨的困難依序為: 以「教學時數不足」佔最多，其次「缺乏教材教法之在職進修管道」及「學校缺乏教學媒體之設備」等項。 六、綜整上述之調查結果，本研究分別就「課程內容」、「教學方法」、「教學資源」及「教學評量」四項提出具體的建議，以提供未來高中職「健康與護理」課程發展與實施之參考依據: (一)、針對「課程內容」: 建議未來參與「健康與護理」課程設計者，能依內容重要性順序做有效的時數安排及篇幅的補強，以符合學生學習之所需。 (二)、針對「教學方法」:建議於未來規劃「健康與護理」課程之師資培訓時，能加強培訓教師之教學技能，以符合學生之學習需求。 (三)、針對「教學資源」:建議師資培訓時加強視聽教材研發之能力，以豐富教學內容。 (四)、針對「教學評量」:建議未來課程應配合教學目標採多元方式進行。[[abstract]]To pursue a high-quality education in the 21st century, our nation starts to execute the 9-year continuity education courses officially from the year 2001. To achieve smooth transition in course changes, the Ministry of Education is arranging new high school courses which will be executed officially from the year 2005, among which the former Military nursery course will be renamed as “Health and Nursery”, and is classified as a required course for both male and female students. The new courses will mainly aim at making a smooth transition from the 9-year continuity education and also match the global health education trend. The advantages and disadvantages of research and development of new courses are being discussed for finding references for making new courses. This research focuses on making evaluation toward on the nursery courses of military training which have been adopted for nearly 40 years, and the evaluation contents include such 4 items as “Course contents”, “Teaching methods”, “Teaching resources”, and “Teaching evaluation”. The research methods include the opinions from the female students in high school and Senior vocation high school, students’ parents and nursery teachers. We also interview the experts involving in the course development of “Health and Nursery” which will be adopted in the future. Feasible opinions and advices for the new course development are digested from the results of questionnaires. All the information mentioned above are collected and then combined into some proper suggestions for providing references in the course development of “Health and Nursery” in the future. The conclusions of this dissertation are listed as follows: 1. In the field of “Course contents”: The high schools’ and Senior high schools’ female students, and parents and nursery teachers all recognize that the most necessary topics are “2-gendered relationship”, “cardiopulmonary resuscitation”, “Teenagers’ mental and physical development”, and “Health Promotion concepts”. Those topics are assumed by the experts being able to make a smooth transition between the present course contents and the following 9-year continuity education’s health courses. Those topics can provide reference for deciding teaching hours of new courses. 2. In “Teaching methods”: High schools’ and Senior vocation high schools’ female students and parents, and nursery teachers all agree that the most beneficial teaching methods are “team discussion”,“skill demonstration” Ⅴ and “brainstorming” etc. Experts also agree that those teaching methods agree with the teaching philosophy of the course of “Health and nursery” which will be adopted in the future. 3. In “Teaching resources”: High schools’ and Senior vocation high schools’ female students and parents, and nursery teachers all agree that abundant teaching resources are “video tapes”, “multi media audio and video contents”. Experts also agree that the application of those resources can enrich the teaching contents of “Health and nursery” courses will be adopted in the future. 4. In “Teaching evaluation”: High schools’ and Senior vocation high schools’ female students and parents, and nursery teachers all agree that the most beneficial teaching evaluations are “Class involvement and performance”,“technique test”,“Team cooperation’s learning achievement expression”. Experts also agree that those evaluation methodologies can be combined into the courses of “Health and Nursery” which will be adopted in the future. 5. Current nursery teachers show implementation of nursery course ,several factors make the teaching nonfluency. The first three difficult points such as teaching hours not enough, shortage of in service learning resource, insufficiency of the teaching media. 6. With the combination and compilation of the information mentioned above, this research submits 4 substantial suggestions toward the fields of “Teaching contents”, “Teaching methods”, “Teaching resources” and “Teaching evaluation” to provide some references for the development and execution of “Health and Nursery” courses of high schools and Senior vocational high schools in the future: (1)“Course contents”: It is suggested that the futuristic courses designers involving in the “Health and Nursery” courses shall take priorities of importance of course content into consideration and make efficient arrangement of teaching hours and the enhancement of contents to meet the students’ requirements. (2)“Teaching methods”: According to the results of this research, it is suggested that when the cultivation of teachers of “Health and nursery” is being planned in the future, the teaching skill of cultivated teachers shall be also enhanced to meet the students’ demands. (3)“Teaching resource”: The results of this research indicate that among all teaching resources, video tapes and multi media audio and video teaching Ⅵ materials can enrich the teaching contents the most. It is advised that the research and development of audio and video teaching materials shall be enhanced when the teachers’ cultivation is being developed for enriching teaching contents. (4)“Teaching evaluation”: The results of this research indicate that traditional paper-form examination can’t evaluate students’ learning performance correctly. It is advised that the futuristic courses shall meet teaching goals when used with multi ways simultaneously