[[alternative]]A Study on Relationship between Job Stress and Mental Health of the Tour Leaders

[[abstract]]本研究之目的是為瞭解國際領隊人員工作壓力與身心健康之現況，並探討工作壓力與身心健康的關係。研究採判斷取樣的方式，以台北地區27家綜合及甲種旅行社的一般領隊、專職領隊及特約領隊為研究對象，進行問卷調查，共發出570份問卷，回收有效問卷363 份，問卷有效率為63.69 %。研究工具包括自編「國際領隊人員工作壓力問卷」、「中國人健康問卷」及「個人基本資料」，調查所得資料以描述性統計，t檢定，單因子變異數分析，皮爾森積差相關以及逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料分析。 本研究之主要研究結果如下:一、國際領隊人員整體壓力感受屬於中等程度，最大的工作壓力源來自情緒因素，其次依序為工作挫折、工作負荷、家庭因素、低度滿足，而最小的工作壓力源則為環境因素。二、有57.3%超過半數以上的國際領隊人員屬於身心健康不佳的狀態，且77.9%的人都有兩項以上常見的身體症狀。三、國際領隊人員工作壓力與領隊職別、年帶團次數、帶團天數以及帶團行程類別的不同而有顯著差異。身心健康與年帶團次數、帶團天數以及帶團行程類別的不同而有顯著差異。四、國際領隊人員的工作壓力與身心健康呈現顯著正相關，亦即國際領隊人員的整體壓力感受愈大，其身心健康狀況愈差。五、國際領隊人員的身心健康之重要預測變項為家庭因素、工作挫折與情緒因素的工作壓力，亦即國際領隊人員在家庭因素、工作挫折與情緒因素的工作壓力愈大，其整體身心狀況愈差。 期盼藉由研究結果可以引起領隊人員對壓力及身心健康問題重視，亦可提供給旅遊業者參考，研擬適合的因應措施，以提昇旅遊服務品質。 關鍵字：領隊人員、工作壓力、身心健康。[[abstract]]The goal of the research is to investigate the interaction of work stress and health, mental as well as physical, rendering to tour leaders. The subjects of my study are tour leaders from travel agencies in Taipei area. Survey instrument to be used is the self-administered questionnaire on stressor scale of tour leaders, Chinese health questionnaire ( CHQ ) and a questionnaire on personal demographic characteristics and working experiences. The data are analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The outcome derived from instrument stated are: 1.The overall level of the work stress among tour leaders is moderate. Tour leaders respond that "emotional factor" is the major stressor, follow by "frustration", "workload", "family factor", "low-satisfied", and finally "work circumstances" as the least stressful. The physical and mental health of tour leaders stands at middle level. 2.The"Overall work stress" is significantly related to job distribution, frequency in a year, days and itineraries for the tours. 3.The "Overall mental health" is significantly related to the frequency in a year, days and itineraries for the tours. 4. An affirmative interaction is disclosed between work stress and health from tour leaders. More work stress can consequentially cause tour leaders’ physical and mental health declined. 5.The significant predictors of "overall physical and mental health" are stress from "family factor", "frustration" and " emotional factor". When tour leaders experience more stress from "family factor", "frustration" and " emotional factor " , their overall physical health tend to become worse. Recommendations with regard to stress management programs and further researches based on the above rationale are submitted accordingly for the industry’s kind reference. Key words: tour leader, work stress, physical and mental health