[[alternative]]A Study on Children's Perceptions of Ideal Fatherhood

[[abstract]]本研究以四位國小低年級學齡兒童為研究對象，藉由半結構式訪談瞭解兒童知覺之實際父職在日常照顧、學業參與、遊戲與活動、生活管教、情緒支持、愛家與養家等六層面的父職參與的狀況與評價，並進而瞭解兒童期待之理想父職。研究結果發現，受訪兒童知覺實際父職參與數量以日常照顧最多，遊戲與活動次之，學業參與最少；父職參與以點綴性參與為主，且其品質以「附帶陪伴」為主。兒童期待之理想父職在增加學業、遊戲與活動的參與數量，且參與品質希望能「專心」、「直接投入」且「以子女為中心」。兒童期待理想父職兼具工具性和情感性角色的特質：就是希望父親除了提供經濟以外，也要理性管教，並在子女需要情緒支持時給予溫暖的回應。本研究針對以上結果加以討論，建議父親積極投入子女學業指導、遊戲與活動，提升父親參與的品質，能夠理性管教、溫暖回應子女的需求，並且能夠與子女對話以瞭解子女對父親的期待。同時建議親職教育工作者提供父親瞭解兒童需求的管道，以及提供父親與子女互動的課程，並對未來研究提出建議。[[abstract]]This paper exams four school- aged children’s perceptions of authentic paternal involvement in children’s daily care, academic instruction, games and activities, parenting style, emotional support, taking care of the family and providing the economics for the family. Children’s expectation of the ideal fatherhood is based on their evaluation of the authentic paternal involvement. Data are gathered through semi-structure in-depth interviews. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, children percept the most authentic paternal involvement in daily care, next in games and activities, and the least in academic learning. Second, children percept the quality of the paternal involvement as ‘scattered paternal involvement’ and ‘negligent paternal company.’ Third, children expect the ideal fatherhood not only could engage a lot in children’s academic instruction, games and activities, but also could promote the quality of the paternal involvement as ‘concentrate’, ‘engagement’, and ‘child-centered.’ Fourth, children expect ideal fatherhood could possess both functional and emotional roles, which are to provide the family the economics, to parent children rationally and to support children’s emotional needs. The conclusions are drawn based on previous findings, some suggestions are proposed for fathers, parent educators and future research.The suggestions for fathers are as follows: First, fathers should actively engage in children’s academic instruction, games and activities. Second, fathers should promote the quality of the paternal involvement. Third, fathers should parent children rationally and provide children’s emotional support. Fourth, fathers should always communicate with their children and understand their expectation of the fatherhood. The suggestions for parent educators are as follows: First, parent educators should provide the courses for fathers understand children’s expectation of paternal involvement. Second, parent educators should provide the courses for fathers interact with their children. At last, the suggestions for future research are also given