[[alternative]]Comparison of nutritional and health ststus in elderly living alone with non-living alone wan-hua region in TAIPEI

[[abstract]]本研究目的主要探討獨居老人營養與健康狀況、生活及認知功能與憂鬱間之相互關係並探討可能影響因素，預防營養不良發生，選取台北市萬華區120位獨居老人做病例組，240位非獨居老人作對照組，藉由迷你營養評估量表（Mini Nutritional Assessment）、簡易社區營養篩檢（Nutrition Screening Initiative）與身體健康檢查進行營養與健康之比較；問卷內容包括人口學特性、日常生活功能量表（Activities of Daily Living,ADL）、複雜性日常生活活動量表（Instrumental Activities of Daily Living,IADL）、簡易智能評估量表（Short Portable mental state questionnaire ,SPMSQ）、憂鬱量表（Geriatric Depression Scale ,GDS）。 結果顯示，獨居老人營養與健康狀況比非獨居者差。獨居老人以男性居多，平均年齡為78.1±6.1，比非獨居者高，教育程度以國中者佔最多數，經濟來源以退休金居多；BMI平均值為23.4±3.7，平均每人罹患2.1種慢性病，服用4.1±2.3種藥物。迷你營養評估獨居老人平均值為23.7±3.5，ADL平均值為95.6±14.0，IADL平均得分為7.6±1.4，SPMSQ平均值為0.5±1.1，GDS獨居老人罹患比例為13%。NSI平均值為4.6±2.8、非獨居老人為1.4±1.2，獨居老人營養不佳的比例為76.8％，獨居老人發生營養不佳的危險性是非獨居老人的11.1倍；無偶者發生營養不佳的危險性是有偶者為4.1倍。75~84歲獨居老人發生營養不佳的危險性是65~74歲老人的5.2倍。日常生活活動功能越差（ADL）、認知功能較低、憂鬱指數越高者則較易有營養不良的機會。本研究結果可以了解獨居老人的營養狀況、健康、憂鬱、生活功能情形，作為改進營養、健康計畫的依據，亦可做為未來擬訂社區老人飲食計畫、心理輔導、促進健康之參考，建議相關單位重視獨居者的營養，評估送餐需求與發展多樣化的治療飲食及供餐方式給有需求的老人。[[abstract]]The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship among nutritional status, health status, living function and cognitive function of the elderly living alone. The effective factors on the nutritional status and the malnutrition prevention were also studied. For the 120 residences living alone in the Wan-Hua region in Taipei.is the case; another one is a comparison of 240 non-living alone. The study adopted the characteristic of demography; Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Nutrition Screening Initiative（NSI）, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and Short Portable mental state questionnaire (SPMSQ) , Geriatric Depression scale (GDS)were conducted. The results indicate that the living alone elderly’s nutrition and health status is poorer compared with that of non- living alone. The living alone elderly is men; mean age is78.06±6.08 years old, higher than non-living alone. The education level is lower; the source of income is retirement pension. BMI mean value is 23.4±3.7; each elderly had a chronic disease of which the average value is2.1kinds; taking medicine is 4.1±2.3kinds. Mini Nutritional Assessment means is 23.7±3.5; ADL means is95.6±14.0; IADL means is7.6±1.4; SPMSQmeans is 0.5±1.1; the Geriatric Depression scale morbidity in living alone is13%.NSI means is 4.6±2.8,non-living alone is 1.4±1.2. The living alone elderly having malnutrition is 76.81％,logistic regression shows living alone having malnutrition is eleven than non living alone; old elderly is more than young old elderly having malnutrition.. Poor activities of daily living and lower cognition function, higher depression index also have high ratio of malnutrition .This study helps us to understand the nutrition, mental and health status of the elderly living alone. Thus, we may improve the nutrition and health program based on this study. Furthermore, this study can serve as references for the planning of healthful diet and mental consulting