[[alternative]]Research on Parents and Caregivers' Perceptions of and Support for Presechool Children's play

[[abstract]]國立臺北護理健康大學嬰幼兒保育研究所碩士論文摘要研究所別：嬰幼兒保育所論文名稱：學齡前幼兒家長與教保員對幼兒遊戲觀念與支持內涵之研究指導教授：楊曉苓教授研究生：王智惠 本研究目的在探索與比較學齡前幼兒家長與教保員在遊戲觀念〈遊戲定義、理論、功能與缺失等觀念〉與支持遊戲內涵〈參與遊戲方式、提供玩物、參與遊戲類型、提供遊戲時間與時段、及玩伴等支持遊戲的行為〉的情況，並比較不同背景的家長與教保員在遊戲觀念與支持內涵的差異情形。研究選取大台北地區公私立及公辦民營的幼兒園所家長與教保人員為研究對象，採自編問卷的方式進行橫斷式調查，回收有效問卷家長共計350份、教保人員274份。依研究目的，統計方法採描述統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、及積差相關分析。研究結果發現，教保員對遊戲觀念與支持遊戲內涵，比家長有更顯著正向的看法與行為；家長最認同幼兒遊戲的概念依序為「情緒多半是愉悅」、「反應許多生活經驗」及「是幼兒天生的本能」；最認同遊戲理論是「認知論」與「心理分析論」，最認同遊戲的功能分別是有助「創造力」、「動作」、「智能」的發展，最認同的遊戲缺失是遊戲會「引發幼兒紛爭」。教保員方面，最認同幼兒的遊戲概念依序是「能反應許多生活經驗」、「是幼兒天生的本能」、「情緒多半是愉悅的」；最認同理論是「認知論」與「練習論」，最認同遊戲的功能依序分別是有助「動作」、「人際關係」和「創造力」的發展，最認同的遊戲缺失是幼兒遊戲有「安全的顧慮」。不同背景家長與教保員的分析發現，家長身份別為爸爸、教育程度高中以下學歷、幼兒就讀於私立園所的家長等，對幼兒遊戲觀念與支持遊戲內涵表現較差。教保員資格為助理保育員、教育程度高中以下學歷、任教私立園所的教保員、及任教年資五年以下的教保員，認同遊戲觀念與支持幼兒遊戲內涵的表現較差。研究建議，針對遊戲觀念與支持內涵行為表現較差的教保員，在職訓練應加強幼兒遊戲相關課程，以期待透過遊戲能真正落實「讓幼兒有個快樂的童年」的理想。[[abstract]]AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore and compare parents and caregivers’ perceptions and support of preschool children’s play, and compares differences of parents and caregivers from different backgrounds.Research subjects are parents and caregivers of children in public/private and private managed public nurseries in the Taipei Metropolitan Area. A self-compiled questionnaire is used to conduct a cross-section survey, 350 effective questionnaires were collected from parents and 274 effective questionnaires were collected from caregivers. In accordance with the research purpose, statistical methods adopted include descriptive statistics, independent sample T test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis.Research results show that caregivers have significantly more positive concept of and support for play than parents; perception of children’s play that parents are most able to identify are “emotions are mostly pleasant,” “reflects on many life experiences,” and “are instinctive to children,” theories of play that parents are most able to identify are the“ cognitive theory ,”and “psychoanalytic theory ,” functions of play that parent are most able to identify are benefits to “creativity, ” “ mobility, ”and “intellectual” development; flaws of play that parents are most able to identify is that they arouse dispute among children. In terms of caregivers, the most identified concepts of play are “reflects on many life experiences,” “are instinctive to children,” and “emotions are mostly pleasant,”; the most identified theories of play are the “cognitive theory,” and “ practice theory, ” the most identified functions of play are benefits to “mobility,” “interpersonal relations,” and “creativity” development; the most identified flaw of play is concern for children’s safety.This study has found that fathers with a high school education or under and has children in a private nursery have relatively poor perceptions of and support for play. The difference in perceptions of and support for play between both parents in different age groups was insignificant. Caregivers’ that meet the following criteria: (1) Assistant caregivers’ with high school education or under at a private nursery, or (2) caregivers’ with less than five years experience, have been found to have relatively poor perceptions of and support for play. Recommendations of this study are to strengthen courses on children’s play in on-the-job training of caregivers’, in order to use play to truly achieve the ideal “let children have a happy childhood.