Non-fungible token : an overview of the background technology, the market, and the interesting examples

Kroz rad se analizira fenomen non-fungible tokena koji su u periodu od 2018. do 2022. postali široko popularni, a njihove vrijednosti dosezale su po nekoliko desetaka milijuna američkih dolara u određenim situacijama. Analizira se pozadinska tehnologija koja je bila osnova za stvaranje tehnologije NFT-jeva, te objašnjava kako je blockchain bio predložan za iste, kao i analizira kako je razlika između kriptovaluta i NFT-jeva u jedinstvenosti. Radi se i pregled tržišta NFT-jeva, kao i udjeli različitih tipova tokena na tom tržištu. Prolazi se kroz rast vrijednosti po godinama, korelaciju vrijednosti kriptovaluta i NFT-jeva, a spominje se i razlika u otpornosti kriptovaluta i non-fungible tokena na svjetske ekonomske krize. Analizira se i korelacija između velikih prodaja i količine pretraživanja na internetu te se dotiče utjecaja krizi na medijsku raširenost NFT-jeva. Za kraj, radi se pregled nekih zanimljivijih kolekcija i primjeraka NFT-jeva i prikazuju zanimljivi načini upotrebe istih. Potom se i prolazi kroz probleme i brojne prevare na tržištu non-fungible tokena, te dotiče manjka regulacija na cjelokupno tržište i naposljetku promišlja bi li potencijalne regulacije pomogle razvoju tržišta.The work analyses the phenomena of non-fungible tokens which went through mass adoption in only several years, starting from 2018. Some of the most famous NFT-s ended up being sold for dozens of millions of US dollars. Through the work, the background technology that led to the creation of NFTs is analysed. The blockchain technology is explained. Also, the phenomena of scarcity is being recognized as the main difference between cryptocurrencies and non-fungible tokens. Also, there is an overview of the whole NFT market and how different types of non-fungible tokens fare on that market. There is a statistic overview of the growth of the whole market, an analysis of the correlation between cryptocurrency and NFT prices, and an analysis of the resilience of the NFT market to different crysis, which shows a difference between NFTs and cryptocurrencies. A correlation between big NFT sales and media mention statistics is shown. In the end, there is an overview of several interesting NFT collections and examples, some of them being mentioned because of their worth, some because of their use-cases. Also, the problems of the NFT market are shown and analysed, as are several different types of frauds that often occur in the market due to the lack of regulation