An Islamic Perspective on Ethics in Educational Research

This article discusses ethical guidelines from the viewpoint of the teachings of Islam and, although not ostensibly different, finds parallels in the manner in which ethics could be conceptualised in the context of research in education. It seeks an alignment between ethics from the perspective of being a professional engaged in educational research with a personal significance based on one’s belief, which takes a holistic notion of life. The aims of being ethical researchers seem to be shared in many ways: protection, honesty and integrity. However, there is an added dimension of being accountable to God. The article first locates research within the wider context of Higher Education. Thereafter, to facilitate an understanding of ethics, as viewed from the framework of the Qur’ān, Ḥadīth and Muslim law; it will elaborate the predicate of moral-ethical judgements by addressing the concepts and terms of moral approval and disapproval and the ends to which the ethical-moral law is directed. To move beyond the theoretical to the practical dimensions, it will illustrate particular edicts which Muslims endeavour to uphold to meet their responsibilities to strengthen the legal, moral and social foundations of society and to counter those that suppress the dignity and worthiness of others. In addition to ideas about being accountable from a theological dimension, based on prophetic guidance, the notions of accountability will be deduced to emphasise that responsibility and accountability are related. Following on from this foundation, an attempt will be made to show the importance of holding people accountable, at least, within their domain of responsibility such as universities as they are entrusted by the public and others. In the context of the worldview presented by Islam, Muslim researchers are considered stewards meaning that the care and well-being of others comes first. Stewardship is both a Biblical and Qur’ānic concept meaning to be guardians. An outline of the guiding principles presented as a framework for the conduct of research demonstrates that by conducting their research in ethical ways, it will mean that they will be performing good deeds. These are meritorious actions rewarded by God. The article then proceeds to consider the ethical requirements of a university in the West Midlands, England, as a case study to examine the congruence, if any, with some of the ethical teachings of Islam. Based on the preliminary research, this article argues that Muslim researchers in education should be cognisant that their responsibilities are wider. It also clarifies to supervisors and ethics review committees the key principles which might inform the thinking of some researchers from the Muslim community and how their motivations would be ethical