Impact of the driving cycle on the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of vehicles powered by different powertrain technologies

Zaključna naloga obravnava porabo energije in izpuste ogljikovega dioksida pri različnih pogonskih sistemih vozil med vožnjo. Naloga je dvostopenjska in je sestavljena iz eksperimentalnega dela, kjer so bili v realnem prometnem toku z različnimi načini vožnje izmerjeni vozni cikli za mestno vožnjo in vožnjo po avtocesti. Drugi del zajema numerični del, za katerega je uporabljeno simulacijsko programsko orodje AVL Cruise M. V programskem orodju sta bila izdelana dva simulacijska modela za različna pogonska sistema, pri čemer so z vsakim modelom izvedene simulacije vožnje za različne hitrostne profile (avtocestna in mestna vožnja) in različne načine vožnje (umirjena, normalna, agresivna). Z opravljenimi simulacijami so pridobljene vrednosti o porabi energije in izpustih ogljikovega dioksida za vsak pogonski sistem pri različnih načinih vožnje s ciljem ovrednotenja smiselnosti uporabe posameznih pogonskih sistemov v različnih voznih scenarijih. Rezultati prikazujejo, da je za oba izmerjena vozna cikla pri različnih načinih vožnje z vidika porabe energije smiselna uporaba električnega vozila, analiza izpustov ogljikovega dioksida pri vožnji in proizvodnji vozila pa omogoča določitev mejne točke prevožene razdalje s katero je mogoče ovrednotiti, kdaj uporaba električnega vozila postane ekološko smiselna.The final paper deals with the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of different vehicle propulsion systems while also considering driving styles. The task is broken down to two-stages, with one stage comprising an experimental part in which city and motorway specific driving cycles with different driving styles were measured in real traffic conditions. The second stage comprises the numerical part, for which the simulation software tool AVL Cruise M is used. Two simulation models for different vehicle propulsion systems were created in the simulation software tool, to simulate different diving speed profiles (highway and city driving) and different driving styles (calm, normal, aggressive). The simulations allow to evaluate energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for each propulsion system in different driving modes with the aim of evaluating the feasibility of using analysed propulsion systems in different driving scenarios. The results show that for both analysed driving cycles an electric vehicle achieves lower energy consumption, whereas the analysis of carbon dioxide emissions enables determination of a limit point of travelled distance after which use of electric vehicle is environmentally reasonable