Teachers’ training for primary education (1830-1980): a comparative study between Brazil and Portugal

This comparative historical study analyzes the formation of primary teachers in Brazil and Portugal, between 1830 and 1980. Therefore, this paper considers the school culture as a specific culture and that its historical analysis involves studying the shaping of teachers' training for primary schools in both countries. This work intends to answer the following question: what training trajectories followed primary teachers in Brazil and Portugal during the educational reforms based on political and social changes in these two countries during this period? This study shows that different school cultures had their differences and similarities in the training of their teachers for primary school and many changes happened in the name of a transformation of the society, so that they could, better prepared, contribute to the democratization of primary education and to the qualification of students for the labor market