Struktur maritimer Regen gemessen auf der Atlantischen Expedition 1969 (GARP) mit dem Forschungsschiff Meteor

From 9th of March to 4th of May 1969 measurements of raindrops has been carried out at the Atlantic Expedition of the "Meteor". The main part (584) of the 720 spectra is measured in the zones near the equator. Normally the rainfalls contain only small drops and are very intensive. 676 spectra had been measured, which have 85 % of all drops per ms with a diameter smaller or equal to 1.25 mm. The intensities of these spectra grow up to 250.3 mm/h. Wide spectra are rare and always intensive (R greater 10.0 mm/h). The radarequation Z = aRb, calculated from R (intensity of rain [mm/h]) and Z (radarreflectivity [mm6/m3]) both of them deduced from our measurements, deviates from the usual form Z = 200 Rl.60 and has the value Z 137 Rl.26. The comparison of the spectra measured on border of the "Meteor" with these of the maritime station of high latitude Reykjavik and the station near equator Entebbe shows, that the spectra of the "Meteor" are more equal to these of Reykjavik as to these of Entebbe. This ist confirmed by the difference of the radar-equation, which is for Reykjavik Z = 106 Rl.2 3 and for Entebbe Z = 278 Rl.30