Use of a Polyethylene Bag to Reduce Perioperative Regional and Whole-Body Heat Losses in Low-Birth-Weight Neonates

International audienceIn the delivery room, wrapping a low-birth-weight neonate (defined as <= 2.499 g) in a polyethylene bag reduces the risk of hypothermia. However, extended use of the bag (e.g., during neonatal surgery) might conceivably increase the risk of thermal stress and thus body overheating. Here, we assessed the efficacy of a polyethylene bag in infants assigned to wrap (W) or nonwrap (NW, control) groups during placement of a percutaneous vena cava catheter by applying a new mathematical model that calculates heat exchanges for covered and uncovered body segments. At the end of the placement procedure, the Wand NW groups did not differ significantly in terms of whole-body heat loss (15.80 versus 14.97 kJ center dot h(-1) center dot kg(-1), resp.), whereas the abdominal skin temperature was slightly but significantly higher (by 0.32 degrees C) in the Wgroup. Greater evaporation in the Wgroup (2.49 kJ center dot h(-1) center dot kg(-1))was primarily balanced by greater whole-body radiant heat loss (3.44 kJ center dot h(-1) center dot kg(-1)1). Wrapping the neonate in a polyethylene bag provides a small thermal benefit when catheter placement takes a long time. Given that polyethylene is transparent to radiant energy, it might be of value to incorporate polymers that are less transparent at infrared wavelengths